社会环境，自然环境，生活环境的改变，生理功能的衰退和躯体的病理变化等因素都在一定程度上影响了 老年人的心理健康，尤其是入住养老院后，缺少了亲人们的及时关心与体贴，都可能影响老年人的精神状态 、感知觉及性格方面的一些变化。因此养老院老年人在心理上会有以下特点：
The changes in social environment, natural environment, living environment, physiological function decline, and pathological changes in the body all affect the psychological health of elderly people to a certain extent, especially after moving into nursing homes, the lack of timely care and consideration from relatives may affect some changes in their mental state, perception, and personality. Therefore, elderly people in nursing homes will have the following psychological characteristics:
感知觉衰退
Perceptual decline
原因：随着老年人年龄的增长，感知觉器官也逐步退化。视力、听力的减退以及其他感知觉的衰退，使老年人对外界环境的反应变慢，适应能力下降，控制能力减弱。因此老年人很容易产生情绪烦躁、易怒的情绪变化。
Reason: As elderly people age, their perceptual organs gradually deteriorate. The decline of vision and hearing, as well as the decline of other sensory perceptions, slows down the response of elderly people to the external environment, reduces their adaptability, and weakens their control ability. Therefore, elderly people are prone to emotional changes such as irritability and irritability.
表现：久而久之，老年人会显得与周围环境格格不入，变得孤独、淡漠。这样就会出现焦虑，抑郁等状态。
Performance: Over time, elderly people may appear out of place with their surroundings, becoming lonely and indifferent. This can lead to anxiety, depression, and other states.
应对方案：针对这一心理特点，养老院的工作人员应多注意老年人的情绪变化，在日常生活中，多与老年人沟通，减少其孤独感，帮助老年人慢慢适应周围的生活环境，让老年人对周围环境逐渐产生一种掌握感，这样老年人的心情也会变得舒畅，减少老年人此心理问题的产生。
Response plan: In response to this psychological characteristic, nursing home staff should pay more attention to the emotional changes of the elderly. In daily life, they should communicate more with the elderly to reduce their loneliness, help them slowly adapt to the surrounding living environment, and gradually develop a sense of control over the surrounding environment. This will make the elderly's mood more comfortable and reduce the occurrence of this psychological problem.
精神萎靡
Mental lethargy
原因：老年人因生理衰退等原因，经常出现精神萎靡，记忆力减退，注意力很难集中，反应迟钝等。
Reason: Due to physiological decline and other reasons, elderly people often experience mental fatigue, decreased memory, difficulty concentrating, and delayed reactions.
表现：因此，在养老院中，我们常常可以看到，有些老年人明明手里拿着东西却在到处找，刚说过的话、做过的事就忘得一干二净。这种状态就是老年人，尤其是养老院老年人的精神状态的主要表现。
Performance: Therefore, in nursing homes, we often see some elderly people searching everywhere despite holding things in their hands, forgetting everything they have just said and done. This state is the main manifestation of the mental state of elderly people, especially those in nursing homes.
应对方案：对于这一点，养老院应多组织一些简单的娱乐活动，提高老年人的注意力，减少其精神萎靡的状态，并可以让老年人互讲自己近期发生的故事，这样不仅可以使其记忆加强，还可以提高老年人们的兴趣，改善精神状态。
Response plan: For this point, nursing homes should organize more simple entertainment activities to increase the attention of the elderly, reduce their mental state of depression, and allow them to share their recent stories with each other. This can not only strengthen their memory, but also increase their interest and improve their mental state.